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AUREL STEIN -
PERSONS
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Biography of Aurel Stein |
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Formal portrait of Sir Aurel Stein
KCIE
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Biography of Lal Singh |
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List of some of the key individuals who
participated in his expeditions. |
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296 - Stein with his team at
Ulugh-mazar in desert north of Chira - from left to right, sitting:
Chiang-ssu-yeh (Chinese secretary and interpreter), Stein with Dash, Rai
Bahadur Lal Singh (main surveyor on both second and third expeditions),
standing: Ibrahim Beg (local daroga), Jasvant Singh, (caste cook for Ram Singh
and Lal Singh), Naik Ram Singh (corporal in Indian army engineers)
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101 - The group shows sitting on left
Rai Ram Singh (surveyor on second expedition until became ill) and Ibrahim Beg,
on right Naik Ram Singh and Ibrahim 'the miller', at Niya site
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39 - Chiang-ssu-yeh, Chinese
secretary and helpmate during second expedition - Stein was profuse in his
appreciation for everything that Chiang did to assist with the work. And he was
especially superior to the interpreters Stein had to employ during the first
and third expeditions.
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308 - Chiang-ssu-yeh at work on
ancient Chinese records in Nar-bagh - photo shows secretary just recoverred
from a short illness
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167 - Village shrine at Nan-hu, with
school room on right - Chiang-ssu-yeh in front of shrine
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133 - Stein's tent at
Shah-tokhtaning-koli, by Charchan river. On left Ibrahim Beg of Keriya, on
right a Loplik with cyclometer - note that cyclometer right out of the days of
Alexander the Great who used one as did Stein to measure daily
movement.
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299 - Stein's camp tent in a Beg's
garden at Ak-su - in foreground is Haji Abid, the Beg's son (Stein always
prefered to set his tent when possible in a shaded garden.
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287 - Stein's tent at first camp
after reaching the Keriya River end - Ibrahim Beg in foreground
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288 - By the new bed of the dying
Keriya River -on right, Ibrahim Beg and laborer with cyclometer again
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241 - View to the east from above
left bank of Su-lo Ho - The snowy peaks in distance belong to the Alexander III
Range - Rai Ram Singh is at work on plane table during the second
expedition.
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301 - P'an Ta-jen, Tao-tai of Ak-su,
Stein's old patron and friend - shown during 2nd expedition. He was Amban at
Khotan when Stein met him during first expedition. In both offices he provided
very important official instructions to local head men to provide Stein with
all necessary men, transport and supplies.
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Photo from Stein's book - Sands - of
P'an-Darin, the Amban of Khotan, with attendants. This official became a very
close friend of Stein's and assisted him greatly insecuring labor, transport
and supplies for his first and second expeditions.
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Photo from Stein's book - Sands -
This is Huang-Daloi, the Amban of Keriya, posing in his full official robes
with attendants who no doubt are wondering skeptically what Stein is doing and
why they are required to be there. Well he was using the glass-plate
photography available in 1900. Stein wrote quite a bit about Huang-Daloi and
the energetic manner in which as Amban he ordered his minions to provide all
necessary resources for Stein's expeditions in the desert. .
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Photo from Stein's book - Sands -
This is Liu Darin, Amban of Yarkand, who greatly assisted Stein by directing
that all necessary transport, laborers, and supplies by provided by Begs in the
various settlements.
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209 - Wang Ta-lao-ye, Magistrate of
Tun-huang, with his wife and mother
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187 - Wang Tao-shih, Taoist priest at
'Thousand Buddhas' site - Tun-huang. He was keeper of the hidden caves from
whom Stein managed to secure thousands of extremely rare medieval documents and
paintings.
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109 - Mao, Ta-lao-yhe, Chinese
magistrate of Charklik
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38 - Hassan Akhun, head camel-man on
several expeditions - Stein hired him for the first expedition and was so
pleased with his ready assistance not only with the camels but in general that
he specifically found him again for the subsequent expeditions.
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217 - Hassan Akhun packing camel at
Su-chi-ch'uan spring
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49 - T'ang Ta-jen, military Amban of
Khotan, with his children and attendants
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71 - Ch'e Ta-jen, civil Amban of
Khotan, with local begs - on extreme right is Islam Beg, Beg of Kayash
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52 - "Haji" Akhun Beg,
Stein's host at Khotan - "Haji" is honoray title for a Moslem who has
made the pilgrimage to Mecca.
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50 - Badruddin Khan "Ak-sakal'
of Indian and Afghan traders at Khotan - he was instrumental in securing many
local experts in desert travel for Stein
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309 - Badruddin Khan, Indian Ak-sakal
at Khotan, with his sons and a trusted servant
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51 - Ahman Ishan (Andijani
'Ak-sakal') and Abdullah Khan (Afghan trader) at Keriya
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307 - Turdi, the Dak-man from Khotan
- the saddle-bag across Turdi's sholder served to carry small mails - Dakmen
were like pony express but over high mountains of K'un-lun they also went on
foot.
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150 - Convoy of antiques sarting from
Abdal for Kashgar - on left Karim Akhun, one of the 'veterans' in the middle
Turdi, the Dak-man
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150 - Convoy of antiques starting
from Abdal for Kashgar - on left Karim Akhun, one of the veterans - in the
middle Tudi, the Dak-man
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18 - Bahadur Khan - Governor of
Mastuj, a isolated hill valley in north-west India, seated in center with his
two sons, Khan Sahib Pir Bakhsh on his right and Mastuji attendants.
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17 - Villagers of Buni, Mastuj, with
Khan Sahib Pir Bakhsh and Kurban on extreme right - in modern Pakistan
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15 - Bashgali Kafirs,
anthropometrically examined at Chitral Agency - in modern Pakistan
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37 - Kirghiz head-men and followers
in front of felt tent, Toile-Bulan
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45 - Pakhpu hillmen
anthropometrically examined at Kok-yar - in mountains south of Yarkand
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64 - Taghlik family from
Karanghu-tagh, at felt tent in Busat Valley
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132 - Habdal laborers from Charklik -
at south-east corner of the desert
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317 - Pasa, of Keriya, hunter of wild
yaks, and Stein's guide for a few days in high K'un-lun mountains
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310 - Khuda-berdi (Yuz-bashi) and
cultivators of Yotkan - Kuhda berdi sits on extreme left - figures stuck in his
belt serve for easy reference in anthropometrical list.
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303 - Kirghiz from grazing-grounds of
Uch-turfan - in foothills of the T'ien-shan north of Takla makan
desert
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302 - Kirghiz with felt tent
belonging to Mangush Beg at Ilachu
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300 - Crowd in Bazar street at
Ak-su
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298 - Digging up ancient documents
from refuse layers below ruined fort on Mazar-tagh ridge. (fort on ridge in
middle of desert)
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293 - Mendicant pilgrim or
"djwana' at Burhanuddin's desert shrine, Keriya River
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292 - Pullat Mullah and Ibrahim of
Khotan, 'treasure seekers' - these gentlemen were enlisted by Stein for their
experience in years of searching the desert ruins.
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286 - Shahyar laborers slaking their
thirst after reaching ice of Keriya River end - These uneducated local laborers
were dragooned into service at Shahyar, the last village north of the Takla
Makan, to work for Stein during his exploration south across the desert to find
the Keriya river (which had shifted course) and they were on point of revolt
when he finally found the river.
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280 - Musa Haji between two other
hunters from Korla - seekers for the fabled sand-buried 'old town' Musa Haji
led Stein on wild goose chase along the Terim river desert with claim he had
seen a 'town' years before, but it was never found.
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278 - Bakir, player of rabab, on
desert march
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277 - Tahir Beg and Ahmad Yuz-bashi,
of Korla - local chiefs who recruited labor for Stein
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247 - Stein's Chinese 'pony-men' from
Su-chou safely restored to the plains - On extreme right our aged 'Ya-i' is
pointing with stick to the chief mutineer. - These laborers were conscripted by
local officials to go much against their will into the forbidding high
mountains and at several times they tried to escape but were held in check by
Chinese military escort sent with Stein.
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246 - Head of Alpine valley at camp
CCXXI, north-east of Shen-ling-tzu Pass - Turdi (a) and Sahid Bai (b) our Turki
pony-men in foreground
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234 - Tungan gold miners from
Hsi-ning high in the Nan-shan mountains
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111 - Loplik fishermen at reed hut,
Abdal -On extreme left standing is young hunter who accompanied Turdi into the
desert
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319 - Group of Zailik miners who
served as carriers during Stein's exploration south of the K'un-lun
mountains
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79 - Wooden column with mouldings
excavated in room near main shrine, Khadalik - Chiang-ssu-yeh and Ibrahim Beg
in background supervising diggers - Roze Akhun on right
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Photo Stein made of his personal
servants during his first expedition - hired at Kashgar and Yarkand - these
would be a cook and pony man.
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Photo of Turdi "treasure seeker'
- a key individual who Stein met and hired - This man and his father before him
spent their lives (at least all spare time) out in the Taklamakan searching for
ruins from which they might find 'treasures' - that is anything they could sell
to Europeans. He showed Stein many sites of ruins that contained thousands of
artifacts that Stein considered 'treasures' but which Turdi and the others
would never have considered such.
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72 - Roze Akhun's band of Khotan
'treasure-seekers' - Roze Akhun is on extreme right
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33 - Hunza Dak runners (on left) and
Sarikoli frontier guards, with their children, at Mintaka Karaul
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Photo from Stein's book -Sands - This
is of Ahman Merghen and Kasim Akhun, from Tawakkel. They were appointed as
guides for Stein but soon lost their way until Turdi showed them the right
routes.
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Photo from Stein's book - Sands -
These are Hunza coolies that were assigned by the local chieftans to carry
Stein's luggage over mountain passes too dangerous for ponies - from Aliabad
north.
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Photo from Stein's book - Sands -
These are Wakhis and Kirghiz tribesmen at Dafdar some of whom carried Stein's
baggage or led yaks in the Pamirs.
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