Ancient Khotan 29 - Ruins of Buddhist shrine D ii, Dandan-uiliq, seen from north-east after excavation - Compare this with the previous photo of the same place still buried in sand. These excavation projects were laborous as the sand would flow back in. But they revealed information that astounded contemporary Europe. Stein always made personal friends of the local Chinese officials whose support was essential for him to obtain laborers and logistic support.