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SOVIET VOROSHILOV ACADEMY LECTURES
SUPPORT

 

TYPES OF SUPPORT

 

MEDICAL SUPPORT DOCTRINE

- Timely conduct of first medical aid to wounded and sick on the battlefield

- Collecting and evacuation of wounded to medical points of units, large units, and army separate medical detachments

- Extending medical assistance to wounded and sick, their treatment and preparation for further evacuation

- Extending qualified and special medical assistance to wounded and sick

- Conducting measures on providing hygiene and prevention of epidemics and infection disease

- Conduct of measures on protection of personnel against enemy's mass destruction weapons, and conduct of special and full decontamination

 
 

ELEMENTS OF MEDICAL SUPPORT SYSTEM IN UNITS AND LARGE UNITS

- In Bn: Battalion's medical point established by medical platoon

- In Regt: Regiment's medical point established by Regt medical company. It collects rescues and transports wounded and sick from the battlefield and bn medical points, conducts "physician" medical assistance and prepares them for further evacuation

In Div: Division medical point established by division medical bn. It provides qualified medical assistance and evacuates wounded and sick to forward medical hospitals of the front

 

 
 

TYPES OF MEDICAL ASSISTANCE

- First aid:

Self and mutual medical aid on the basis of instructions of subunit commanders and by medical personnel of the company on the spot


- Pre-physician medical assistance

It is provided by para-medics (assistant physicians) particularly to counter life threatening events (bleeding, concussions, and protection of wounds from contamination and prevention of shock)


- First "physician" medical assistance

It is provided by physicians in unit's regimental medical point. It includes change of bandages and dressing, stop bleeding by medical means, fixing fractures, simple surgical operation and prevention of shock


-Qualified medical assistance

It is provided by physicians, specialist and surgeons normally at the division medical post and army's separate medical detachments. It includes surgical operations stop bleeding, dressing and preparation of wounded for evacuation to front hospitals


-Specialized medical assistance

It is provided by specialist physicians (internal, eye, orthopedic, etc.) at the front hospitals with full medical facilities. It is normally the final phase of medical assistance.

 
 

TYPES OF TECHNICAL SUPPORT

- Rocket technical support

- Radio - electronic technical support

- Aviation technical support

- Artillery technical support

- Armor technical support

- Motor and tractor technical support

- Engineer technical support

- Chemical technical support

- Signal technical support

- Rear services technical support

 
 

PRINCIPAL MEASURES OF TECHNICAL SUPPORT

- Technical service and maintenance

- Supply of weapons, combat equipment, ammunition, and technical equipment

- Organization of repair and evacuation of damaged equipment

- Organization of training of personnel to learn about weapons and technical equipment

- Control of technical support troops and means during the battle

 
 

TECHNICAL SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE FOR TANKS

- Control inspection: This is conducted by the crew prior to leaving the motor s), before firing, and exercises to test the readiness of the tank for use, normal functioning of major assemblies and mechanisms, instruments and systems. It takes about 15 - 30 minutes. During the march it takes 10 - 15 minutes.


-Technical service No. 1: It is conducted after each return of the tank to the motor park, during the march, during intervals in the battle regardless of the distance covered by the tank. It is conducted by the crew, which inspect the level of fuel, lubricants, ammunition, and conducts cleaning of parts and tests the technical status of major parts for being well secured and in normal functioning.


- Technical service No. 2: It is different for different types of tanks. For the T-54 it is conducted after 1000 - 1100 kms. It takes 6.5 to 9.5 hours to conduct the service.


=Technical service No.3: It is conducted after 2000 - 2200 kms. It takes 8 - 12 hours.


- Technical service No. 2 and No. 3 include close inspection of the tanks, conduct of adjustments, replenishment or change of POL, lubrication of major assemblies.



In addition to these there are two more technical services:

- Seasonal technical service: It is conducted to winterize or summerize the tank, which includes change of special oil and preparing the tank for winter or summer operation.

- Special technical service: To prepare the vehicle for use (or after use) in special conditions such as high mountains and before or after river crossings, etc.


 
 

TECHNICAL SERVICE FOR AUTOMOBILES (TRUCKS)

- Control (test) inspection: Before moving out of the motor park. It takes 15 - 20 minutes to conduct. It is also conducted in march halts for 10 -15 minutes.


- Routine technical inspection: After each return to the motor park or after 100 -ms. it takes 1 - 1.5 hours and includes inspection of replenishment with POL, cleaning of parts, inspection of the technical status of major parts for being secured and normal in functioning


- Technical inspection Nol.1: It is normally conducted after 1000 - 1200 kms and takes 3 hours.


- Technical inspection No.2: It is conducted after 5000 - 6000 kms and requires 8 hours.



Most of the maintenance service of combat and transport vehicles is conducted by tank crew, vehicle drivers under direct supervision of subunit commanders and chiefs of technical service. To provide assistance to them in removing the malfunctions, repair means can also be assigned.


 
 

REPAIR LEVELS

- Routine repair: Conducted in the unit repair plant and sometimes in the division repair plant with the participation of drivers and crews


- Medium repair: Conducted by division (and army if it is reinforced by repair units) and by the front


- Major repair: Normally conducted in the repair plants and front repair facilities

 
 

PRIORITIES FOR EVACUATION

1. In the first priority vital equipment such as control means, rockets, and other lightly damaged equipment are evacuated from under enemy fire.


2. In second priority those equipment are evacuated which can be repaired by the division and regimental repair facilities


3. In the third priority the rest of the damaged equipment is evacuated